Abstract
Keywords
1. Introduction
2. Recommendations for treatment-naïve patients
2.1 Low-risk disease (small volume, primary, low grade, stage Ta)
2.2 Intermediate-risk disease (multifocal, large volume or recurrent, low grade Ta or T1)
2.3 High-risk disease (high-grade Ta or T1 and/or carcinoma in situ)
3. Effectiveness of intravesical treatment in preventing recurrence and progression
3.1 Papillary (Ta, T1) disease
3.2 Carcinoma in situ
4. BCG failure
4.1 Types of bacillus Calmette-Guérin failure
5. BCG intolerance
- Ojea A.
- Nogueira J.L.
- Solsona E.
- et al.
- van der Meijden A.P.M.
- Sylvester R.J.
- Oosterlinck W.
- Hoeltl W.
- Bono A.V.
Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin for Ta T1 bladder tumors is not associated with increased toxicity: results from a European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Group Phase III Trial.
- van der Meijden A.P.M.
- Sylvester R.J.
- Oosterlinck W.
- Hoeltl W.
- Bono A.V.
Maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin for Ta T1 bladder tumors is not associated with increased toxicity: results from a European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Group Phase III Trial.
6. Treatment strategies for bacillus Calmette-Guérin intolerance
6.1 Dose adjustment
- Ojea A.
- Nogueira J.L.
- Solsona E.
- et al.
6.2 Treatment schedule
6.3 Dwell time
6.4 Pharmacologic
7. Refractory, resistant, and relapsing disease in bacillus Calmette-Guérin–naïve patients
7.1 Groups at highest risk for bacillus Calmette-Guérin failure
7.2 Other risk groups for bacillus Calmette-Guérin failure
8. Treatment of bacillus Calmette-Guérin–failure patients
8.1 Radical therapy
8.2 Second induction bacillus Calmette-Guérin
8.3 Combination bacillus Calmette-Guérin–interferon
8.4 Intravesical chemotherapy
9. Conclusions
Conflicts of interest
References
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